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French roulette is the original form of the game, renowned for its favorable rules and elegant presentation. It is played on a single-zero wheel, identical to European roulette, but features two distinctive rule sets that significantly lower the house edge on even-money bets. Understanding these unique rules is essential for any player looking to enjoy this classic variant.
The table layout is traditionally in French, with bets like 'Rouge' for red and 'Noir' for black. Beyond the language, the gameplay mechanics involving 'La Partage' and 'En Prison' are what truly define French roulette and separate it from other versions. These rules provide a layer of player protection not found in standard American or even European games.
The French roulette wheel has 37 pockets: numbers 1 through 36, alternating in red and black, and a single green zero. The number sequence on the wheel is unique and differs from both American and European layouts. The betting table is also arranged differently, with the outside bets placed on the sides in French terminology.
All standard inside and outside bets are available. Inside bets include straight-up (en plein), split (à cheval), street (transversale), and corner (carré). Outside bets cover red/black (rouge/noir), odd/even (impair/pair), high/low (manque/passe), dozens (première, moyenne, dernière douzaine), and columns (colonnes). The payouts are the same as European roulette.
'La Partage', meaning 'the divide', is a crucial rule for even-money bets. When the ball lands on zero, all outside even-money bets (red/black, odd/even, high/low) do not immediately lose. Instead, the player loses only half of their bet. The casino keeps the other half, effectively reducing the house edge on these bets.
For example, if you bet $10 on red and the result is zero, you receive $5 back instead of losing the entire $10. This rule cuts the house edge on even-money bets in half, from the standard 2.7% in European roulette down to a very player-friendly 1.35%.
'En Prison', meaning 'in prison', is an alternative to La Partage offered at some tables. When zero hits on an even-money bet, your bet is not taken. Instead, it is 'imprisoned' for the next spin. On the subsequent spin, if your bet wins, your original stake is returned to you with no profit. If it loses, you forfeit the bet.
This rule effectively gives you a second chance to save your stake. Mathematically, the En Prison rule also reduces the house edge on even-money bets to approximately 1.35%. Some players prefer it as it offers the chance to recover the full bet amount rather than accepting an automatic half-loss.
French roulette is famous for its 'announced bets' or 'call bets', which are complex pre-defined bets on sections of the wheel. These are not placed with chips in the standard way but are announced to the croupier. Common announced bets include Voisins du Zéro (neighbors of zero), Tiers du Cylindre (thirds of the wheel), and Orphelins (orphans).
These bets cover specific sequences of numbers as they appear on the wheel, not the table. They allow experienced players to place sophisticated wagers quickly. It's important to understand the exact numbers covered and the chip distribution for each announced bet before using them, as they involve multiple individual stakes.
The primary advantage of French roulette is the dramatically reduced house edge on even-money bets due to La Partage or En Prison. For a strategic player who favors outside bets, this is the most mathematically favorable version of roulette available at most casinos. The lower edge means your bankroll can last longer.
Additionally, the tradition, the French terminology, and the option for announced bets offer a deeper, more authentic roulette experience. It appeals to purists and strategic players who appreciate the game's history and its most player-centric rule set.
For even-money bets with the La Partage or En Prison rule active, the house edge is 1.35%. For all other bets (like straight-up numbers, splits, etc.), the edge is the standard European single-zero edge of 2.7%.
They use the same single-zero wheel, but French roulette includes the special La Partage or En Prison rules for even-money bets and often features a French-table layout and announced bets. European roulette does not have these player-friendly rules.
Not always. These rules are a hallmark of French roulette but are not guaranteed on every single-zero table. Always check the table rules before you play to confirm if La Partage or En Prison is in effect.
Play responsibly. Gambling can be addictive. Set a limit and stop if it stops being entertainment. 18+.
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